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Snowboarding, sport often described as “surfing on snow.” Snowboarders descend a slope by standing sideways on a lightweight board about 150 cm (about 5 ft) long, attached to their feet. The sport, which originated in the United States in the late 1960s and early 1970s, borrows techniques and tricks from surfing and skateboarding. Snowboarding gained popularity rapidly in the 1980s and 1990s, partly because it is easy to learn. Most riders attain a degree of proficiency after only a few sessions. The sense of freedom the sport offers, in equipment and techniques, adds to its appeal.

Snowboarding can take place wherever skiing does, except on flat, cross-country trails. No poles are used, making it difficult to traverse flat terrain. Deep snow is ideal. Most winter resorts now have special areas for snowboarding known as halfpipes. A halfpipe is a long, deep trench dug in the snow and shaped like a pipe cut in half along its length. Riders “drop in” the pipe, using the walls of the trench to launch themselves into the air and perform a variety of jumps and spins. Halfpipes are located in terrain parks, which consist of easy to intermediate slopes augmented with a variety of bumps, jumps, gaps, and other features that riders use for jumping and doing tricks. Tricks range from riding backwards to spectacular spins and flips performed in the halfpipe.

Unlike skiers, who shift their weight from one ski to the other, snowboarders shift their weight from heels (heelside) to toes as well as from one end of the board to the other. When snowboarders shift their weight toward the nose (front of the board), the board heads downhill. When snowboarders shift their weight toward the tail (back of the board), they head uphill or slow down. Riders achieve quick turns by pushing the back foot forward or pulling it backward to change direction. They stop the board’s motion by pushing heels or toes down hard to dig the edge of the snowboard into the snow

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